Tomato

Solanum lycopersicum

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a warmth-loving, heavy-feeding fruiting vegetable in the nightshade family. It thrives in soil, coco and every hydroponic system and crops for many weeks — great for beginners and pros alike.

Güncellendi:

Important notes

leaves, stems, green fruit: All green parts (leaves, stems, unripe fruit) contain solanine/tomatine and are mildly toxic — also to cats and dogs. Only the ripe fruit is edible. ↗

Işık

Full sun: 14–16 hours of light per day while raising seedlings, later at least 6–8 hours of direct sun. Under grow lights aim for 200–600 µmol/m²/s (PPFD) depending on the stage.

Sulama

Keep evenly moist — swings between dry and wet cause blossom-end rot and split fruit. In soil water deeply every 2–3 days, in coco daily, in hydro the nutrient solution circulates continuously.

Sıcaklık

Best at 20–26 °C by day, not below 15 °C at night. Growth stalls under 10 °C; above 32 °C flowers drop and pollination suffers.

Nem

Young plants 65–75 %, lower to 50–60 % for flowering and fruiting. Excess humidity invites fungal disease and hinders self-pollination.

Yönteme ve evreye göre hedef değerler

Hidro
Evre pH EC (mS/cm) Su °C Hava °C Nem % Işık s Süre (gün)
Vejetatif 5.5–6.5 1.8–2.2 18–22 20–25 60–70 16 30
Çiçeklenme 5.8–6.3 2.5–3.5 18–22 22–26 50–65 14 30
Çimlenme 5.8–6.2 0.5–0.8 22–24 22–26 75–85 16 7
Fide 5.8–6.2 0.8–1.2 20–22 20–25 65–75 16 14
Meyvelenme 5.8–6.3 3–4 18–22 22–26 50–60 12 45
Hasat 5.8–6.3 2–3 18–22 20–24 50–60 12 30
Toprak
Evre pH EC (mS/cm) Su °C Hava °C Nem % Işık s Süre (gün)
Vejetatif 6–6.8 1.5–2 — 18–26 55–70 16 35
Çiçeklenme 6.2–6.8 2–2.8 — 20–28 45–65 14 30
Çimlenme 6–6.6 0.8–1.2 — 22–26 75–85 16 7
Fide 6–6.8 1–1.5 — 20–25 65–75 16 14
Meyvelenme 6.2–6.8 2.2–3 — 20–28 45–60 12 45
Hasat 6.2–6.8 1.8–2.5 — 18–26 45–60 12 30
Hindistan cevizi
Evre pH EC (mS/cm) Su °C Hava °C Nem % Işık s Süre (gün)
Çimlenme 5.8–6.2 0.6–1 21–24 22–26 75–85 16 7
Fide 5.8–6.2 1–1.4 19–22 20–25 65–75 16 14
Vejetatif 5.8–6.2 1.8–2.2 18–22 20–25 58–68 16 32
Çiçeklenme 5.8–6.3 2.4–3.2 18–22 22–26 50–62 14 30
Meyvelenme 5.8–6.3 2.8–3.6 18–22 22–26 48–58 12 45
Hasat 5.8–6.3 2–2.8 18–22 20–24 48–58 12 30

Sık görülen sorunlar

Blossom-end rot (calcium/water deficiency), late blight (Phytophthora), whitefly, aphids and spider mites. Prevent with airy spacing, even watering and removing the lower leaves.

Space & Size

Final height
180 cm
Final width
60 cm
Spacing
60 cm
Root depth
40 cm
Min. container (Hidro)
≥ 11 L
Min. container (Toprak)
≥ 15 L
Min. container (Hindistan cevizi)
≥ 11 L

Pests & diseases

Pest / Disease Symptom Organic treatment
Whitefly white flies, honeydew sticky traps, beneficials, neem
Russet mite bronzed stems, wilting leaves predatory mites, sulphur
Late blight brown patches on leaves and fruit keep dry, spacing, remove affected
Blossom end rot black sunken spot at fruit base even watering, calcium

Edible parts

  • Fruit · edible from Meyvelenme — ripe only

Verim teknikleri

Train cordon (indeterminate) tomatoes to a single stem: pinch out the side shoots in the leaf axils, tie up the main stem, and top after 5–7 trusses. Bush (determinate) types need no pinching.

Propagation & pollination

Method
seed
Germination time
8 days
Germination temp
20-25 °C
Sowing depth
0.5 cm
Pollination
self
Hand pollination needed
yes

side shoots root easily as cuttings

Companion planting

🟢 Good neighbours: Basil, Coriander (Cilantro), Sage, Spearmint, Tarragon, Lemongrass, Catnip

🔴 Bad neighbours: Garden strawberry

Bad neighbours: fennel, potato, pea. Also good: carrot, parsley, marigold.

Flavor

sweet and tangy, juicy

Storage

Store at room temperature, not in the fridge — cold dulls the flavour.

History

The tomato comes from the Andes in South America and reached Europe in the 16th century, where it was first grown as an ornamental. Today it is the most widely grown fruit-vegetable in the world.

Nutrition

Rich in vitamin C, potassium and the antioxidant lycopene (especially when cooked).

Techniques

Sources

Florabase

Florabase ile pH, EC ve tüm ölçümleri kaydedebilirsiniz — sonsuza kadar ücretsiz.

Ücretsiz Başla